The ‘Make in India’ initiative to drive expansion in the country’s manufacturing sector has been a factor in the government’s vacillations over whether to restrict Chinese vendors in 5G infrastructure (see separate item). But that is only part of the story. The initiative was founded in 2014 as a programme to reduce dependence on imports and foster a strong manufacturing base capable of becoming a major global force by building on a rapidly expanding domestic market. This is the basis upon which the USA established a dominant manufacturing base from the late nineteenth century onwards, establishing global brands in energy, automotive, food and others, which Japan to an extent emulated through the 1960s to the 1980s, and then most recently…