The award of 74 spectrum licences for 5G campus networks by Germany’s federal network agency BNetza heralds a likely spate of similar developments in other countries as interest grows across the manufacturing sector in Industrie 4.0 applications under the IIoT (Industrial IoT) banner. But this also highlights a major challenge for MNOs as they face a fight to take a significant slice of the burgeoning private 5G networking market, with the risk of losing out on a major revenue stream. After all, not only private enterprises but also a growing number of utilities and other public sector bodies are already building their own private 5G networks, where that is already allowed, for example in Japan, the UK and USA. Germany…