The rise of ultra-low latency up the 5G agenda has almost obscured the importance of other applications that are not so delay-dependent, especially around the industrial IoT (IIoT). It is true that ultra-low latency is crucial for real time process control, particularly robotics and UAVs (unattended automated vehicles) that are dependent on very fast interactive wireless communications. But these are just part of a constellation of applications under the IIoT banner that will be served by 5G infrastructures. Furthermore, the ultra-low latency use applications will have to dovetail with other more delay tolerant higher level processes for optimization of supply chains and distributed manufacturing operations, which cannot be practically contained under one roof or even campus. We have been reminded…