Private LTE, and future 5G, networks are emerging as an important way for enterprises and vertical markets to achieve mobile connectivity that is optimized for their needs, in a way that the public network cannot be (at least until network slicing becomes fully commercialized). Nokia is pursuing this opportunity aggressively, whether or not an MNO is involved (private networks in shared or industrial spectrum are a means for non-MNOs to deploy cellular systems and services). Ericsson has become far more wary of bypassing or alienating its operator customers, but is pursuing partnerships with MNOs to improve their position in the private cellular market, and so drive new revenues for itself. It is working with Finnish operator Elisa on such a…