Spectrum sharing will be an increasingly important aspect of the technology and economics of LTE and 5G networks from now onwards. However, two standards approaches are developing, one on each side of the Atlantic, which may cause regional fragmentation in future. One is ETSI’s Licensed Shared Access (LSA), which has just completed work on its initial specifications. There is a similar initiative in the US, called Authorized Shared Access (ASA), which has the same basic objectives, but is focused on that market’s specific band plans and commercial drivers. As with other connectivity standards processes where there is a cross-Atlantic divide – like V2X for connected vehicles – the two sides may converge over time, but for now, there is the…