One of the wasted opportunities of spectrum regulation has been the failure to make full use of the frequencies between 400 MHz and 450 MHz, despite their excellent propagation characteristics. The 450 MHz band was originally assigned for analog mobile, and then half-heartedly adopted for GSM and LTE, mainly in rural areas. In recent months, however, these very low frequencies have gained increasing prominence, especially in Europe, in the thinking about 4G-based networks for the IoT and for critical communications. This has been helped by the recent harmonization of the band plan for 410-430 MHz, by Europe’s CEPT, the pan-EU body which coordinates telecoms authorities in the region. This section of the sub-450 MHz spectrum has been assigned to mobile…