To deploy an open RAN at scale in an MNO’s primary network is a difficult and high-risk migration at this early stage in the life of O-RAN, as outlined above. But in a greenfield network, it can be a way for an operator to adopt a radical new approach to service delivery and cost, from day one. This will apply to secondary networks implemented by MNOs, for instance for cities or enterprises; to new types of deployers such as neutral hosts; and to that rare but exciting breed, the brand new licensed MNO. Rakuten and Reliance Jio have blazed the trail in adopting new architectures from day one, in order to take advantage of their greenfield status to achieve lower…