During the 80th meeting of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), member states adopted the 2023 IMO Strategy on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction for maritime shipping. The levels of ambition outlined in the strategy include improving the energy efficiency of new ships, increasing the uptake of zero or near-zero GHG emission technologies and fuels to represent at least 5% (striving for 10%) of the energy used by international shipping by 2030, and reaching net-zero GHG emissions by or around 2050. The strategy also establishes indicative checkpoints for 2030 and 2040, with the goal of reducing total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 20% (striving for 30%) by 2030 compared to 2008, and by at least 70% (striving…