Dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) is set to be an important technology in the operators’ 5G arsenals, because it allows 4G and 5G to run in the same spectrum, resources allocated dynamically according to user requirements. This could improve the economics of early 5G by enabling MNOs to use their spectrum reserves to the maximum without the long process of refarming; to improve overall coverage and capacity with a combination of LTE and 5G; and even to be able to introduce new base station vendors, and to migrate to Standalone 5G, more easily than with dual connectivity alone. All the major vendors plan to support DSS from next year, though it makes heavy demands on baseband processing, so may require additional…