Standard, open interfaces at every level of the network and device are essential if 5G is to achieve its goal of enabling massive but affordable density – billions rather than millions of connected devices, up to 10 times more base stations, and ubiquitous coverage indoors and out. That requires networks and devices that are far cheaper, and far easier to deploy and manage, than traditional cellular systems. The open interfaces which will stimulate a more competitive, innovative device ecosystem, and drive the development of low cost handsets, are starting to emerge in multiple layers, including the APIs that enable a common base of applications and tools across smartphones. The latest contribution is focused on the other end of the stack,…