Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) are at the forefront of the aviation industry’s efforts to decarbonize. However, the pace of SAF development has been anything but uniform, with some major players, notably Shell, BP, and Chevron, scaling back or postponing their investments, while companies like Neste are forging ahead. This uneven trajectory raises critical questions about the future of SAF and the viability of large-scale decarbonization in aviation. SAF is seen as a key lever to reduce aviation’s carbon footprint, offering a path to lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional jet fuels. The market for SAF is still in its infancy, however, with production well below the necessary levels required to meet aviation sector decarbonization targets. Despite the promise of…