The Indian government led by Narendra Modi is calling for the development of a homegrown operating system, to counter the rising dominance of Google and Apple and to encourage a local ecosystem. For many years, successive Indian governments have sought to increase the technological self-sufficiency of the huge country by encouraging development of local platforms, from chips to network equipment to software, for key infrastructure such as cellular. The most recent program is the Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) policy, which includes requirements for operators and others to buy a rising percentage of their equipment locally. The government has also sought to promote its own alternative to key US platforms such as Twitter. Results have been mixed, despite the country’s wealth of…