According to China Photovoltaic Industry Association numbers covering 2021, PERC – the mainstream of the industry at the time – used 71.7 mg of silver paste per cell, with TOPCon 68% higher at 120.4 mg and heterojunction 131% more intensive at 165.3 mg – however N-type has managed to reduce its silver usage considerably since then. Other figures for these variable parameters are 13 mg, 15 mg and 25 mg for PERC, TOPCon and heterojunction cells respectively, per Watt – that’s from Canadian Solar. While another source, likely more recent, has 6 to 8 mg for PERC, 10 to 13 mg for TOPCon, and 20 to 22 mg for heterojunction, per Watt. In 2023, TOPCon output will reach around 120…