Within the next ten years, it is certain that there will not be any pure BSS vendors left, given the pace of change on display at the TM Forum’s DTW Ignite event. The lines between back-end Business Support Systems (BSS) and the more network-adjacent Operations Support Systems (OSS) are increasingly blurry, and given MNO attempts to exploit network slicing (which require a way to immediately and dynamically charge a slice customer), there needs to be cohesion between BSS, OSS, and the RAN. Still, there is plenty of scope for pure-play BSS disruption, given the progress made in chatbot interfaces and LLM-based workflow automation. These AI-based improvements have opened the door for smaller vendors to challenge the incumbents, with the incumbents…