One of the big changes we could identify since we were last in Barcelona was the position of Microsoft Azure in the telecoms market. In the past two years, Azure has greatly expanded and refined its value proposition for telcos, with its landmark agreement to run AT&T’s telco cloud and 5G core perhaps its signal achievement so far. It is taking a more collaborative approach to operators than Amazon AWS, apparently presenting a less significant threat that they would be squeezed into being bit-pipes; and it has greater enterprise scale and force than Google Cloud. We will say more about the evolution of its AT&T deal in the next issue, but Azure was in plenty of other announcements and demonstrations…