Altiostar, Mavenir and Parallel Wireless have been three of the most prominent Open RAN challengers since its inception. All three have had their ups and downs commercially, but they have all set out to challenge RAN incumbents by developing Open RAN software that can run on common cloud infrastructure. Altiostar, of course, was acquired by Rakuten and is now a key element of the Rakuten Symphony platform, which includes another of the Japanese firm’s acquisitions, Robin.io, as the cloud layer. Mavenir and Parallel Wireless have worked with more established cloud partners such as VMware, but at MWC Americas, were particularly focused on cooperations with the public cloud providers, to help make Open RAN more scalable and affordable for a wide…