Most large mobile operators have a general vision of a fully cloud-native, end-to-end 5G network, but in many cases, timelines and specific action points remain vague at this early stage. However, there are some frontrunners, such as China Mobile, SK Telecom and Verizon, as well as greenfield players like Rakuten Mobile. Telefónica has been a leader in developing a common cloud architecture, with its long-running Unica project, but has sometimes been criticized for a shortage of concrete, commercial results. Now, one of its smaller subsidiaries, Telefónica O2 Germany, is addressing that issue, with a project to build a fully cloud-native core – but this will be running on public cloud infrastructure (AWS) rather than the operator’s own telco cloud, and…