Last week’s Mobile World Congress Los Angeles (MWC LA) was inevitably preoccupied with the progress of 5G so far, given that the four major US operators all have commercial services. There was considerable focus on the realities of 5G, with the hype phase almost over in the USA, and attendees more interested in how MNOs planned to navigate the choppy waters ahead – in technical terms, as they looked at difficult migrations to the next generation of 5G standards and to new, cloud-based architectures; and in commercial terms, as they reach for a business model that does not rely on the unforgiving world of mobile broadband, where even US operators are seeing their legendary ARPUs eroded by new competition and…